Takeda Shingen (1521.12.1-1573.5.13)
going into battle; departure for the front; appearing (in a match); starting an election campaign
all present; all concerned; all of us
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to come to an end
sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to reconsider; to rethink; to reassess
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
public affairs; the court; the shogun; the shogunate
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
Genki era (1570.4.23-1573.7.28)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
to enter into a person's feelings; to guess what someone feels (using one's intuition)
result (that makes an act worthwhile); worth (in doing something); value; Kai (former province located in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)
Mikatagahara (Shizuoka Prefecture; battle site)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
allied forces; the Allies (e.g. in WWII)
to break; to smash; to defeat; to destroy; to eliminate
Mikawa (former province located in the east of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
to turn back; to go back; to come back; to return; to retrace one's steps
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses; people; folk; clique
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to add up to; to advance (in price)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately