Takeda Shingen (1521.12.1-1573.5.13)
going into battle; departure for the front
all present; all concerned; all of us
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to come to an end
sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
now; the present time; just now; another; more
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to reconsider; to rethink; to reassess
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
public affairs; the court; the shogun; the shogunate
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
Genki era (1570.4.23-1573.7.28)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
to enter into a person's feelings; to guess what somebody feels (using one's intuition)
effect; result; worth; Kai (former province located in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)
three sides; small offering stand
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
field; plain; prairie; tundra; moor; wilderness
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
allied forces; the Allies (e.g. in WWII)
to break; to smash; to defeat; to destroy; to eliminate
Mikawa (former province located in the east of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
suddenly; all of a sudden
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
to turn back; to go back; to come back; to return; to retrace one's steps
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses; people; folk; clique
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000