that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
seppuku; harakiri; ritual suicide by disembowelment; seppuku as a death penalty (where the convict is decapitated by a second as they make the motions to disembowel themself; Edo period)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to instruct; to tell to do; to ask to do; to order
(arch.) large river (esp. the Yangtze); Lake Biwa
that kind of; of the sort; of the kind; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
if that's the case ...; if so ...; that being the case ...
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
rudeness; impoliteness; discourtesy; insolence
theme; topic; subject matter; motif; project; slogan
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to yearn for; to long for; to follow (someone); to idolize (for virtue, learning, status, etc.)
to look up to (a person) as one's preceptor
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
daimyo (Japanese feudal lord)
shaking; trembling; pitching; disturbance; unrest; agitation
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
chief advisor to the Emperor (adviser)
adds force or indicates command
ruler of the whole country; person who holds the reins of government
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
to taste; to eat; to drink; to speak (of); to refer (to); to say
to cancel; to withdraw; to retract; to take back (words, etc.); to revoke
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...