indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to put something out of the way; to move (something, someone) aside; to set aside; to keep apart; to remove (someone) from the group; to shun
time for ...; time to ...; good opportunity to ...; season
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
is it?; isn't it?; be; is
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to be silent; to say nothing
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be lucky; to be in luck; to be attached; to have; to be included
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
older brother; elder brother