indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such; like that; that sort of; very
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
seducer; smooth talker; picking up women; hitting on women; moderate party; moderate
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
lost article; something forgotten
to leave alone; to leave as is; to ignore; to neglect
before very long; soon; someday; of the previously mentioned; of that number; among them
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
carelessly; thoughtlessly; inadvertently
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
name; given name; first name
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?