time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Keiō era (1865.4.7-1868.9.8)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
Tokugawa shogunate (i.e. the Edo shogunate, 1603-1867)
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
war renunciation; anti-war; bout cancelled due to absence of one of the wrestlers
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
form; shape; figure; visage
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tranquil; calm; restful; peaceful; quiet
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come to an end; to close the curtain
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
inspection; examination; survey
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
people who lived in Kyushu in ancient times, and who opposed the state of Yamato
(arch.) poor; (arch.) unskillful; (arch.) clumsy; I; me
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
government forces; loyalist army
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
first move (in go, shogi, etc.); moving first; person with the first move; forestalling; (seizing the) initiative
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to board; to embark on; to get into (a car); to march into; to enter
Owari (former province located in the west of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
the House of Tokugawa; the Tokugawas
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
party; set; gang; company; person
win; victory; beautiful scenery; scenic spot; counter for wins
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai; (arch.) man in attendance (on a person of high standing); (arch.) retainer