field of flowers; flower garden; flower bed; field of alpine flowers
rustic samurai; boorish samurai
to warp; to bend; to contort; to be perverted; to be warped (of a view, mind, etc.); to be distorted
returning to the origin; going back to the beginning; retracing
to be perturbed; to be agitated
Hamaguri Rebellion (1864); Kinmon incident
silky wisteria (Wisteria brachybotrys)
Satchō Alliance; 1866 alliance between the feudal domains of Satsuma and Chōshū
Yoshida Shouin (1830.9.20-1859.11.21)
the whole nation; all the people in the land
knowledge applied to evil purposes
Parkes (Australia); Parks; Parkus
Suruga (former province located in the central and northern parts of present-day Shizuoka Prefecture)
growth; development; one's early life; upbringing; personal history
father of one's country; father of the nation
exemplar; model; example; pattern
Roche; Roches; Roesch; Roshch
old saying; old expression; old language; ancient language; archaic word
imperial sanction; royal charter; chartered (e.g. chartered accountant)
origin; beginning; genesis; primeval; primordial; primitive
elegant; graceful; refined; leisurely; comfortable; easy
military science; strategy; tactics
opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port; opening a port to foreign vessels or trade
maliciousness; ill will; noxious gas; (arch.) (vengeful) ghost; (arch.) specter
losing initiative; being forestalled; second move (in go or shogi); moving second; rear guard
enemy of the emperor; rebel against the imperial government
flat-iron; soldering iron; crimper; curling tongs; trowel
to forget something ever existed; to pretend something didn't happen; to put something behind one; to forgive (something)
to change; to alter; to run counter to; to go against; to make a mistake (in); to err