new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
father of one's country; father of the nation
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to run counter to; to go against; to disobey; to infringe
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
arranged; taken care of; settled; completed; finished
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
company; lot; bunch; troupe; company (of musicians)
to put one's life on the line; to risk one's life; to put everything one has into it
to cause trouble; to cause a disturbance
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to prepare oneself (for the worst); to resolve oneself
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
vigor; vigour; ardor; ardour; high spirits
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
acting rashly; running wildly; runaway (process); reckless baserunning
quite capable of ...; could happen; not unlikely to
imperial loyalist samurai of the Bakumatsu-era; patriots; idealists willing to sacrifice themselves for the good of the nation
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
to face; to go towards; to head towards
origin; beginning; genesis; primeval; primordial; primitive
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)