if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
bang; bam; noontime signal gun (carried out early Meiji to Taishō); noon gun; last round in a game of 12 rounds; precisely
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to subsist; to keep on living
decision; determination; resolution
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
bowl (wooden); counter for bowls of food or drink
God; god; ace; king; superior person
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by
desire; wish; request; entreaty; prayer; (written) application
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
to cook (food); to manage well; to handle well
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
than; other than; except; but
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to excel; to surpass; to exceed; to outweigh; to preponderate
charm against evil spirits; talisman; amulet
gun; pistol; tiddlywinks; marbles; repellence
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
hindrance; obstacle; harm; bad effect; sickness
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
disaster; calamity; misfortune; trouble; woes
brocade; fine dress; fine clothes
woman; female; feminine gender
left hand; left-hand side; left-hand direction; (on) the left
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date