this world; this life; world of the living
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
roadside tree; row of trees
Liao (dynasty, 916-1125 CE); Khitan Empire
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
one child; only child; one of several children (esp. the son and heir); one stone (in the game of go)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
surely (not); certainly (not)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
but; however; provided that
investment; contribution; financing
form; shape; figure; visage
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
not only ... (but also); not merely; as well as; furthermore; besides; moreover
older brother; elder brother; young man; buddy; fella
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
older sister; lass; young lady
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
to come together; to join; to get married; to become a married couple
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to wake; to wake up; to become sober; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to be disillusioned
to make a payment via bank deposit transfer; to discard another player's winning tile
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish