door (Western-style, car, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
wisdom; enlightenment; prajñā (one of the three divisions of the noble eightfold path); wisdom
vice-minister (Meiji period); undersecretary
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
closing up shop (for the day); stopping business; going out of business
two persons; two people; pair; couple
bill (at a restaurant); check
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
lack of common sense; thoughtlessness; senselessness; irrationality; absurdity
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
to be sticky; to be adhesive; to persevere; to persist; to stick to
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
closing hours (of a store, restaurant, etc.)
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
Honshū (largest of the four main islands of Japan); Honshu
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
uninhabited island; desert island
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
one night; one evening; all night; overnight
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
probability; likelihood; chances
calculation; reckoning; count; forecast
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
almost; roughly; approximately
zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.