important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
to boil (something in hot water); to treat with medicinal steam (a swelling, etc.)
to celebrate; to congratulate; to present (a gift) in celebration; to drink in celebration; to wish for (a happy future, good fortune, etc.); to pray for
seat; place; position; status; gathering; party; stand
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
the various countries of Europe and America; the West
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
treaty; pact; convention; agreement
the Japanese; Japanese side; Japanese delegation; Japanese representatives
disadvantage; handicap; unfavorable position
caves dug as tombs in and around Kamakura during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods
ambassador plenipotentiary
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
revision; amendment; alteration
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)
friendship; goodwill; friendly relations; amity
Western civilization; Western civilisation
going to the United States
interpretation (i.e. oral translation); interpreter
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
bringing; taking; carrying
commission; proxy; power of attorney; authorization
negotiations; discussions; connection
signature; signing; sealing
power; authority; jurisdiction
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
and; thereupon; because of that
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
to be awarded (e.g. a prize); to be given an award; to be gifted or endowed (e.g. with a talent); to be blessed (e.g. with a child); to be initiated (e.g. into a secret)
visit (to a religious site, e.g. shrine, temple, grave)
wicket gate; wooden door; entrance to an entertainment venue (i.e. sumo arena, etc.)
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
in the meanwhile; during the time
preventing (someone) from leaving; confinement; keeping indoors; being stranded; grounding