Keiō era (1865.4.7-1868.9.8)
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
new government; new administration
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
land near a castle; castle town
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
gun; wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice; puffer fish
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to get a haircut; to give a haircut; to cut hair
night attack; nocturnal assault
to be added to; to be appended; to join in (e.g. a group of friends); to participate; to increase (e.g. heat); to gain in (e.g. influence)
going into battle; departure for the front
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be seized with (fear, etc.); to be a slave to; to stick to
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
mountain river; mountain stream
equinoctial week (when Buddhist services are held); Buddhist services during the equinoctial week; nirvana
lion; left-hand guardian dog at a Shinto shrine
to dress up as; to disguise oneself as; to play the role of
in the midst of the enemy
breaking through; breakthrough; surmounting; overcoming; exceeding; passing
vivid; bright; brilliant; skillful; skilful; adept
inside of a castle; area surrounded by castle walls
to boil strongly; to be excited
duration; continuance; survival; persistence; retention
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
again; once more; a second time
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
confrontation; opposition; antagonism
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work