senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
kakishibu; astringent persimmon juice used as a dye or to to treat wood, paper, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
clique; group; (political) faction; wing; school; sect
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
concentration; focusing; convergence; within a collection of works
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
to restrict; to limit; to be restricted to; to be limited to; to be best (for); to be the best plan
indiscriminately; blindly; at random; indiscriminate; random; excessive
to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone); to begin to talk; to start a conversation
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to smell; to smell of; to have a smell
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
time; hour; period; class
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
cooking for oneself; cooking one's own food; doing one's own cooking; scanning a book or magazine to create an ebook by oneself
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
economic; financial; economical; thrifty; frugal