indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
wood; woods; forest; bunch (of something); cluster; line
special duty; being in sole charge of a duty; senior managing director; executive director
good feeling; feeling good
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
planning; project; plan; design
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
advertising agency; advertising firm; advertising company
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
family; members of a family
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
care; looking after; trouble; bother; good offices; recommendation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do nothing but; to spend all one's time doing
housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker
one day; (on) a certain day
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
seeing for the first time; first sight
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Japanese staunton-vine (Stauntonia hexaphylla)
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become