indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
chirp; twitter; warble; whale tongue
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
line (of text); row; carya (austerities); samskara (formations); semi-cursive style (of writing Chinese characters); running style
cooperation; collaboration; help; support
wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do)
of course; certainly; naturally
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
reaction; response; physical reaction (to a stimulus); observable response (of an organism); reaction; effect
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
almost; nearly; for the most part; roughly; approximately; about
feeling guilty; having a guilty conscience; having qualms about
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to appear uncomfortable (with); to seem to hate; to express dislike
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
(one's) inner voice; voice of one's heart; what one really thinks
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
light; glow; (a) light; lights; proof (of innocence)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
electricity; (electric) light
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point