time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competition in which there are several evenly matched participants; hotly contested game (match, market, etc.)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
valley; ravine; gorge; canyon
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
(present) head of a family
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
to plan; to plot; to attempt (e.g. suicide, murder); to undertake (e.g. business); (arch.) to stand on tip-toes
rebellion; revolt; insurrection; treason
grounds; charge; suspicion
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryō system)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
one's body; one's person; oneself; one's appearance; one's place (in society, etc.); one's position
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
pushing back one's opponent while locked in close quarters; having a tendency towards; being close to
chief retainer; daimyo's minister
legitimate son (esp. eldest son); heir
crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
husband; groom; (one's) son-in-law
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to order; to command; to appoint
tsuzumi; hourglass-shaped Japanese hand drum; drum (general term for struck leather percussion instruments)
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
husband; master (of a house, shop, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
eternity; perpetuity; permanence