to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
claim; insistence; assertion; advocacy; emphasis; contention
to bend; to crook; to lean; to tilt; to bend (the truth); to distort
cannot (due to external circumstances); cannot afford to; must not; impossible to; no way one can (do)
representation; agency; proxy; deputy; agent; attorney
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
reading in a monotone; reading a Chinese classical text without translating it into Japanese
don't you think?; indicates question
of course; certainly; naturally
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
to jump up; to spring up; to move around; to bounce up and down; to pound (of one's heart, e.g. with excitement); to throb
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
textbook; coursebook; schoolbook
to hold up over one's head; to hold aloft; to hold over something; to hold (one's hands) out (e.g. towards a fire); to hold up to shade one's eyes, face, etc.
to gather; to collect; to assemble
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to go by the rules; to observe the regulations
condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
to compete; to contend; to vie; to contest
number of votes polled; poll votes
itemization (of expenses); the items; breakdown; classification
vote; ballot; label; ticket; tag
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
unveiling a Buddhist image; public exhibition (of a Buddhist image); revealing something that is supposed to remain hidden; opening a gambling house; holding a gambling party
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
-less; lacking; non-existing
preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat; primary
being defeated; being eliminated (from competition)
life; lifetime; career; for life; all one's life; throughout one's life
to fight; to compete; to contest; to argue; to dispute heatedly
massing (of troops); gathering
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common