indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
comical (story, song); comic; the comedy business (rakugo, manzai, etc.); something laughable
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly; (not) readily; (not) right away; (not) immediately
to be noisy; to be astir; to be abuzz; to be in commotion; to be aflutter; to be unsettled
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
(TV) comedian; performer (esp. of a traditional art); entertainer; talented person; accomplished person
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody; whoever
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
mask; veil; disguise; anonymous; unmarked; incognito
to suffer; to receive (kindness, rebuke, support); to sustain (damage)
true character; true form; true colors; consciousness; one's senses
same; identical; equal; anyway; in any case; if one must ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
careful; elaborate; scrupulous
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
to embrace; to hug; to have; to possess; to command; to lead