jpdb beta

honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix

1

headquarters (on the battlefield); direct retainer of a shogun (Edo period); shogunal vassal; hatamoto

1

indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...

89

legitimate son (esp. eldest son); heir

1

sound of a gunshot; report of a gun

1

Sunaga

1

Toranosuke

1

Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker

12

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

76

now; the present time; just now; another; more

8

such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o

9

Hakodate

4

at; in; at; when; by; with; so

43

to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight

4

to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do

6

ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah

3

to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)

16

emperor; shogun; honored person (honoured); (another person's) wife

9

wisdom; enlightenment; prajñā (one of the three divisions of the noble eightfold path); wisdom

1

Jūrou

1

Mito (city in Ibaraki)

4

from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")

7

Sunpu (old name for Shizuoka City)

7

at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of

80

to move (to another place or state); to change (e.g. of state, affiliation, scenery, etc.); to spread (of a fire, smell, etc.); to catch (an illness); to move (e.g. of one's focus); to change (e.g. of one's interest)

1

self restraint; moderating one's own behavior; confinement (esp. to one's home); house arrest; suspension (from work or school)

3

to do

2

good evening

1

be; is

3

after an interval of ... years; for the first time in ... years

2

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question

117

hometown; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains

2

to; towards; for

1

to face; to go towards; to head towards

2

by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing

1

that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...

9

neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district

1

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

74

to rule; to govern; to reign over; to subdue; to suppress; to quell

1

Okabe

1

han (estate of a daimyo in the Edo and early Meiji periods); feudal domain; fief; province

2

already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more

13

nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible

8

many years; a long time

1

to serve; to work for; to attend

3

daimyo (Japanese feudal lord)

1

pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)

7

in succession; one by one

1

if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)

44

new government; new administration

2