employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
extinguishing a fire; (Edo-period) fireman
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
phew; whew; huff; whoo; woohoo
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
breath; breathing; concord; harmony; steam (coming off hot food, tea, etc.); (water) vapor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to breathe in; to inhale; to suck; to sip; to absorb; to soak up
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
making different (comic) faces, esp. using small props
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
no sooner than; as soon as; immediately after; at the thought of; when I think about
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Hyottoko; comical male character with puckered, skewed mouth; clown; ugly mug; ugly guy
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
blowing repeatedly (e.g. to cool something down); huffing and puffing; puffing and panting; struggling (with work, studies, etc.); having difficulty
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
dream; dream; hope; unrealistic aspiration; daydream; delusion
Chinese bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorus)
tree trunk; bole; backbone; base; foundation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
the other day; previously; last time; last (Sunday, summer, etc.); previous (e.g. mayor, chapter)