here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
honorific/polite/humble prefix
postcard; memo; note; card
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
authority; expert; counter for messages, letters, notes, documents, etc.; understanding (esp. of male-female relations); tact; supernatural powers
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
boy; son; baby boy; young man
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
answer; reply; response; answer; solution; result
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
woman; female; feminine gender
attack; assault; attempt; try
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
condition; assumption; intention; intent; premise (in logic)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
to be worried; to be troubled
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
something like ...; something called ...
development; growth; development (of a situation, story, etc.); advancement; playing around; having an active sex life
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question