indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date