to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
science (inc. mathematics, medicine, etc.); natural science; science department (university); science course; science (as a school subject)
will; volition; intention; intent; determination
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to open (e.g. path); to clear (the way); to break up (e.g. land)
to look forward to something
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
God; god; ace; king; superior person
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Nigihayahi no Mikoto (Shinto deity)
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
rock; boulder; crag; cliff; anchor
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
to fall from heaven (the sky)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
Hachiman (God of War); Hachiman shrine; (arch.) certainly
aviation; flight; flying; to fly; to take a flight
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
what; what sort of thing; everything; anything; what (on earth)?; what's the meaning of this ...?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month