impregnable castle; inner castle citadel; golden castle (nickname for Nagoya Castle)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
section (e.g. in a newspaper); column; field (in a form, web page, etc.); blank; handrail; railing
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
autograph; signature; sign; signal; indication
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
surgery; operation; procedure; skill with one's hands; sleight of hand
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
sorry; excuse me; thank you
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
tension; mental strain; nervousness
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
grated daikon; daikon grater
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
1,000,000; one million; million; many
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
traditional ordering of the Japanese syllabary; fundamentals; the ABCs of ...
without an occupation; unemployed; jobless
debt; loan; liabilities; borrowing money