at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
president (of a society); chairman
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
maid; helper; help; assistance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to have the privilege of doing
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
candidacy; standing as a candidate; bidding (to host an event, e.g. the Olympics)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to compete; to contend; to vie; to contest
readiness; preparedness; resolution; resignation
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
in order; sequential; seriatim
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
Rapin; LaPan; Lapin (e.g.Suzuki car); Lapan
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
number one; first; best; most; game; round
appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
a blink of time; (lit.) the time it takes to say "Ah!"
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays