ritsuryō; criminal, administrative and civil codes of the Nara and Heian eras based on Chinese models
revision (of a rule, price, etc.); alteration; change
(large) building; public building; hall
to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call up (on the phone); to invoke (e.g. a subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
descendant; scion; lineage
three branches of Buddhist sutras
to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to reach the peak of something (e.g. luxury, hardships, etc); to be extremely (e.g. busy); to exhaust completely; to have nothing left (e.g. to say)
Hosso sect of Buddhism (Japanese equivalent of the Chinese Faxiang sect)
silence (not speaking); muteness
large temple edifice; large temple
ninefold; imperial palace; the Court
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
Nihon Shoki (second oldest work of Japanese history, compiled in 720 CE); Nihongi; Chronicles of Japan
cool; indifferent; apathetic; cold; cold-hearted; heartless
document; writing; letter; document addressed to someone
compilation (of writings); compiling; gathering
intellectual class; educated class; intelligentsia
obeying; observing; following
unique; matchless; unparalleled; unparallelled; never again
jewel beetle (esp. Chrysochroa fulgidissima); buprestid
standard; criterion; norm; average; the norm; the ordinary
low grade; inferiority; coarseness; vulgarity
honor; honour; prestige; dignity; honorary (e.g. president, doctorate)
to be involved (in); to get involved (in); to relate to (a matter); to pertain to; to (seriously) affect; to concern
being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of; class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher
going through; going via; going by way of
in full force; in great numbers; in droves; large-scale project; grand plan
migration; move; emigration; immigration
Tsukushi (former province located in northern Kyūshū; later split into Chikuzen and Chikugo); Kyūshū
Koryo-saram (ethnic Koreans of the former Soviet Union)
person of mixed race; mestizo
to engage in; to participate in; to take part in; to be involved in
person of culture; cultured person