neck; head; dismissal; discharge
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
cowardly; craven; unfair; mean; sneaky
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thousand years; very long period; forever
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
utility pole; power pole; telephone pole; telegraph pole
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
station; office; guardroom
station; office; guardroom
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
clerk; secretary; scribe; copyist
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
banquet or reception hall
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
reefy coast; windswept and wave-beaten shore
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
now; the present time; just now; another; more
in this way; thus; such; uh...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
to shout; to cry; to scream; to clamor (for or against); to clamour (for or against)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai; (arch.) man in attendance (on a person of high standing); (arch.) retainer
clothing decorated with one's family crest
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
down-train; train heading toward the ending point of its route; down-slope; downward going; downbound (esp. away from Tokyo); downstream
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
(family) crest; coat of arms; pattern; figure
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
cannabis (Cannabis sativa); hemp (plant); hemp (fiber); linen; flax
samurai costume; old ceremonial costume
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
samurai costume; old ceremonial costume; top and bottom; up and down; high and low