measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy
police; police officer; police station
cold-weather damage (to crops)
(entrance) examination hell
praise; worship; adoration; glorification
dismissal; sacking; discharge
professor; teaching; instruction
hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
expansion; swelling; increase; growth
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
government official; clerk
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
political principle, policy or platform
defense; defence; pleading; advocacy
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
waitress; (restaurant) host
Manchukuo (Japanese Manchurian puppet state; 1932-1945)
independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
first class; first rank; one degree; one level; most; best
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to gratefully accept
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
vocational school; technical school
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
at any rate; anyhow; anyway; in any case; because; as you know
big mouth; mouth opened wide; boastful speech; tall talk; large amount; large quantity
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
use; adoption; acceptance; appointment; employment; engagement
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (1871-2001)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand