year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
suddenly; all of a sudden
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
appearance; emergence; advent; arrival; showing up; coming to existence
to fight against; to oppose; to face
in order to; for the purpose of; must; should
divine tree or island east of China; Fusang; Japan; Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
waterway; channel; wake (of a ship)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
to face; to go towards; to head towards
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
after (practically) no time; immediately after; just; having no time to
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
to attack; to go for; to come at; to pounce on; to jump on; to swoop down on
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
distance; range; difference (e.g. in opinion); gap; metric
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
10,000; ten thousand; 10^4
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such