at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
honorific/polite/humble prefix
colouring; coloring; sex appeal (esp. of women); sexiness; interest in the opposite sex; sexual feelings; charm
large-scale operation; large-scale campaign; major mission
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to be in a hurry; to be impatient; to be anxious (to do); to get a fright; to panic; to get flustered
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
summer vacation; summer holiday
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
stage (theatre, theater); scene or setting (e.g. of novel, play, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to change; to swap; to change the object of one's interest or focus; to spend or take time; to infect; to permeate something with the smell or colour of something; to move on to the next or different stage of (a plan, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't miss it; stay tuned; coming soon; look forward to it
royal capital; imperial capital
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you; greeting used when entering someone's home
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience