at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
time; hour; period; class
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
method; way; manner; process; procedure; means
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to be promoted
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
Moon; month; moonlight; (a) moon; natural satellite
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
waxing and waning (of the Moon)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
reason; logic; sense; natural way of things
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
princess; daughter of a nobleman
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
how; in what way; by what means
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to go around; to make a circle around; to surround; to circle; to come around (of a season, anniversary, turn, etc.); to return
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
breeze rustling through leaves
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to be connected (to); to be joined together; to connect (of a telephone call, the internet, etc.); to get through; to lead (to an outcome); to bring about (a result); to be lined up (e.g. of cars)
suffix for familiar person
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
tragedy; tragic drama; tragic play; tragedy; calamity; disaster
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)