to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
duty; sense of duty; honor; in-law; relation by marriage
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
squirrel's foot fern (Davallia mariesii); Lepisorus thunbergianus (species of fern); color of clothing layers under one's overcoat (light green on blue); ancient women's hairstyle; clothing patterned using squirrel's foot fern
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to be pleased to say
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go upstream; to go back (in time, to origin); to date back to; to trace back to
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
these days; nowadays; present day; at this time (of the day)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to be popular; to come into fashion; to be prevalent; to spread widely (e.g. disease); to flourish; to thrive
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
brat; kid; urchin; preta; hungry ghost
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to draw back; to leave (the area)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah