indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; one's emotions; one's feelings; nervousness
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
precognitive dream; foresight dream; prophetic dream
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to dream (i.e. while asleep); to have a dream; to dream (of the future); to have a fleeting experience
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
in that way; thus; so; so?
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such