indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares
isolated; standing alone; falling in drops (e.g. rain); saying a single word; muttering just a few words
(arch.) to wear on the head; to have cloth, clothing, etc. bestowed upon one by their lord or master; to wear such cloth on the left shoulder; to be injured
green; emerald green; green color of new foliage; verdure
stain; spot; smudge; spot (on one's skin, e.g. chloasma, liver spot); blemish; discoloration
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
marriage ceremony; wedding
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
ominous; sinister; (arch.) annoying; (arch.) appearing to be true; (arch.) plausible
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
beginning; outset; first; onset
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son
spots; speckles; mottles; speckled; spotted
to begin to appear; to begin to come in
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to become weak; to decline; to wear; to abate; to decay; to wither
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
each time; every time; whenever (something happens); on the occasion of
to recall; to remember; to recollect
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...