indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
light; illumination; glow; lamp; light
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; period; class
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
pure; true; genuine; unmixed
general idea; concept; notion
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
by means of; due to; because of; according to
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
destroying; annihilating; eradicating
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
place; spot; grounds; arena; stadium; range
ancient city; former capital
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
to begin a trip; to depart; to embark; to die; to pass away; to depart this life
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation