thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to awaken (to the truth, etc.); to come to a realization; to come to one's senses
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to gain time; to play for time; to buy time
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to attempt; to test; to try out
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to have a go; to try and do (something); to take a chance with something
but; however; provided that
in that way; thus; so; so?
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
adds force or indicates command
my goodness!; oh my!; oh dear!
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
honorific/polite/humble prefix
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
somehow; for some reason or other
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)