indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
so; like this; in this way
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
suffix for familiar person
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
together; at the same time; same; identical
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
in this way; thus; such; uh...
police; police officer; police station
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
than; from; out of; except; but; more
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
laughingstock; butt of ridicule
adds force or indicates command
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
meddling; meddlesomeness; nosiness; meddler; buttinsky; busybody
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage