that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
true; real; genuine; proper; utter
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
to face; to go towards; to head towards
suffix for familiar person
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
tree (e.g. Christmas); tree structure; tree diagram
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
Japanese fir (Abies firma); momi fir
to decorate; to ornament; to display; to exhibit; to mark (e.g. the day with a victory); to adorn (e.g. the front page)
established practice; custom
what?!; what did you say?!; why?; what for?; anyone; anything
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
study; diligence; discount; reduction
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire