indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
bathing suit; swimsuit; swimmers
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
club activities; extracurricular activities
looking; viewing; (please) try (to)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?