indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to climb over; to get over; to surmount; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
elder sister; older female friend
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
somehow or other; for some reason or another; without knowing why
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
classic (work, esp. book); the classics
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
trouble; burden; nuisance; care; dependence; support
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst