indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rubbish; trash; garbage; refuse
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
one's turn for doing the sweeping (cleaning)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
by means of; due to; because of; according to
difference; variation; difference
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
corridor; hallway; passageway
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
number one; first; best; most; game; round
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
full-course dinner; multicourse meal
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to finish; to end; to close
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
great depth; bottomless; great height
trivial; not amounting to much
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo