indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
absorbed in; immersed in; forgetting oneself; daze; within a dream; while dreaming
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
from the bottom of one's heart; heartily; sincerely
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to condemn; to blame; to urge; to press; to torture; to torment
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
to knock (someone) to their feet; to knock down; to send flying; to strike; to drive away (one's sorrows, worries, etc.); to dispel
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to take a fancy to something; to be moved; to feel inclined to
bottom of one's heart; depths of one's mind; innermost thoughts; from the bottom of one's heart; wholeheartedly; truly
meaning; significance; sense
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
now; the present time; just now; another; more
arm; skill; efforts; ability
to support; to prop; to sustain; to hold at bay; to stem; to check
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
beginning; outset; first; onset