three years; third school year (e.g. of high school)
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
how admirably; how wonderfully; incredibly well; splendidly
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
breathing; respiration; knack; trick; harmony; balance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw into disorder; to disarrange; to disturb (order, peace, etc.); to corrupt (public morals); to dishevel (hair)
(several) tens; dozens; scores (of)
Japanese league; ri; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryō system; orig. of 50 homes); unit of area (approx. 654 m by 654 m)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
the full scope of the heavens; 360 degrees; one full revolution of Earth; twelve years; one full cycle of the Chinese calendar
Buddhist law; Buddhist teaching
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
to slip out; to steal out; to excel; to stand out
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
old master; old teacher; old monk; aged priest
detailed; full; minute; knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with)
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
please (give me); please (do for me)
life; existence; (one's) working life; career; life force; lifeblood