interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
how admirably; how wonderfully; how skillfully
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
now; the present time; just now; another; more
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
breathing; respiration; knack; trick; harmony; balance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw into disorder; to disarrange; to disturb (order, peace, etc.); to corrupt (public morals); to dishevel (hair)
Japanese league; ri; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryo system; orig. of 50 homes); unit of area (approx. 654m by 654m)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
the full scope of the heavens; 360 degrees; one full revolution of Earth; twelve years; one full cycle of the Chinese calendar
law; act; method; mood; dharma; law
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
adds force or indicates command
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to slip out; to steal out; to excel; to stand out
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
old master; old teacher; old monk; aged priest
detailed; full; minute; knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with)
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
please (give me); please (do for me)