indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sincerely; earnestly; wholeheartedly; repeatedly; over and over; again and again
to stand (something) up; to put upright; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to let out; to raise (a cloud of dust, smoke, etc.)
to make a decision; to draw a conclusion; to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to let go down; to lower; to do oneself
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
tea; tea plant (Camellia sinensis); tea preparation; making tea; brown; (arch.) mockery
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
tea ceremony procedure; tea ceremony etiquette
aristocrat; nobleman; dignitary; person of high rank
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
manners; etiquette; propriety; manner of production (esp. of prose, poetry, etc.); way of making
certainly; for sure; distinctly; clearly; firmly; tightly
shield; buckler; escutcheon; pretext; excuse; grounds (for)
order (from one's superior); command; what you say; (someone's) words
as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); wherever (e.g. one's feet take one); according to
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
state ceremony; laborious; troublesome; irksome
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
eastern country; eastern provinces; Kanto provinces
preparation; provision; defenses; guard; military formation; troop arrangement
other; another; over; more than; I; me
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
to serve as; to act as; to fill (the position of); to play the role of; to be in charge of; to hold (a position)
your will; your pleasure; your wish; certainly; as you say; you are quite right
nevertheless; at any rate; even so; all things considered; be that as it may
Kyoto and vicinity (esp. during Edo period); Kyoto-Osaka region; Kansai region
skillful; skilful; delicious; tasty; good (deal, idea, etc.); profitable
early; right away; at once; early time; early stage (in one's life, etc.)
to mourn; to lament; to be sorry; to regret; to repent
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
splendid; magnificent; utter (esp. defeat); total; (arch.) something worth seeing; (arch.) sight