therefore; for that reason; such being the case
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
origin of a word; derivation of a word; etymology
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
the end; closing; being done for; that's it; that's enough; that's all
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; volume; this; present; main; head
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to bring; to take (something) along; to fetch; to get
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
ground cherry (Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii); husk tomato; Chinese lantern plant; children's noisemaking toy
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
bookshelves; bookshelf; bookcase
indescribable; inexpressible
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
mechanical doll; automaton; string puppet; marionette; (fig.) person who follows orders blindly
mansion; palace; (arch.) nobleman; (arch.) noblewoman; (arch.) cabin (on a boat, carriage, etc.)
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)