indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dream (i.e. while asleep); to have a dream; to dream (of the future); to have a fleeting experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
rough; wild; rude; harsh; gruff; violent
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
to hide; to keep to oneself
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
memories; recollections; reminiscence
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
English holly (Ilex aquifolium)
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
treatment (of a person); dealing with
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g. dead, settled)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to be handed down; to be introduced; to be transmitted; to be circulated; to go along; to walk along
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly