hello; good day; good afternoon
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
older sister; lass; young lady
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
person of firm character; stable person; gutsy person
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
beautiful woman; (a) beauty
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to feel down; to feel sad; to be in a slump (business, economy, etc.); to be in an unfavourable condition; to fall into (e.g. a hole)
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
advance warning; previous notice; announcement; herald; harbinger; forerunner
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
stiff neck; stiff shoulders
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
poverty-stricken; destitute; poor; penurious
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
collection (of fees, taxes, etc.); levy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?