senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
club activities; extracurricular activities
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
taking an examination (esp. school and university entrance)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
study; diligence; discount; reduction
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thank you for your hard work; good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
please (give me); please (do for me)
understood; I see; OK; present; here
madder (esp. Japanese madder, Rubia argyi); madder (red color)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
key; lock; key (to a problem); clue
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to act as a go-between (for); to mediate; to arrange; to entertain (guests); to treat; to receive
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage