indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
now (when it is already much too late); at this stage; afresh; anew; again
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to step aside; to move (i.e. out of the way); to make way
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
order of chivalry; chivalric order
leader of a delegation (body, party)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that gentleman; that lady; he; she
as you were; return to your original position!; er, rather