oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
in that case; (might not be what was expected or hoped for but) if that's the case
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
departure; departing (from ...); sending; sent (by ...); engine; counter for gunshots, bursts of gas, etc.
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
adds force or indicates command
dangerous; risky; awful; terrible; terrific; amazing
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
serious; not joking; straight
hey!; wait a minute!; whoa!; boohoo; waaaa
time for ...; time to ...; good opportunity to ...; season
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
rise; increase; income; takings; completion; end; end result (e.g. of crafts)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
idle gossip; foolish talk; yarn
to deceive; to falsify; to dodge; to beg the question (issue, difficulties); to varnish over; to gloss over
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time